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Otto Ernst Lindemann (28 March 1894 – 27 May 1941) was a German ''Kapitän zur See'' (naval captain). He was the only commander of the battleship during its eight months of service in World War II. Lindemann joined the German Imperial Navy ((ドイツ語:Kaiserliche Marine)) in 1913, and after his basic military training, served on a number of warships during World War I as a wireless telegraphy officer. On board , he participated in Operation Albion in 1917. After World War I, he served in various staff and naval gunnery training positions. One year after the outbreak of World War II, he was appointed commander of the battleship ''Bismarck'', at the time the largest warship in commission anywhere in the world and the pride of the ''Kriegsmarine'' (Nazi Germany's navy). In May 1941, Lindemann commanded ''Bismarck'' during ''Operation Rheinübung''. ''Bismarck'' and the heavy cruiser formed a task force under the command of Admiral Günther Lütjens on board Bismarck. Orders were to break out of their base in German occupied Poland and attack British merchant shipping lanes in the Atlantic Ocean. The task force's first major engagement was the Battle of the Denmark Strait which resulted in the sinking of . Less than a week later, on 27 May, Lindemann and most of his crew lost their lives during ''Bismarck''s last battle. He was posthumously awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (ドイツ語:''Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes''), an honour that recognised extreme bravery on the battlefield or outstanding military leadership. The medal was presented to his widow, Hildegard, on 6 January 1942. ==Early life== Otto Ernst Lindemann was born on 28 March 1894 in Altenkirchen in the Westerwald, Rhine Province. He was the first of three children of Dr. jur. Georg Heinrich Ernst Lindemann and Maria Lindemann, née Lieber. Known as Ernst, Georg Lindemann was a probationary judge (Gerichtsassessor) and later president of the Prussian Central Land Credit Company, a Prussian credit bank.〔Grützner 2010, p. 21.〕 Otto Ernst Lindemann was baptised into the Protestant Church on 26 April 1894. The family moved to the Charlottenburg quarter of Berlin, where they lived at 6 Carmer Street,〔Carmer Street—''Carmerstraße''〕 in 1895. His younger brother—Kurt—was born in 1896, followed by a second brother, Hans-Wolfgang, in 1900. The family relocated again in 1903, this time to their own house in the Dahlem quarter of Berlin, near the Grunewald forest.〔 In 1910, when Lindemann was 16, his uncle ''Kapitän zur See'' Friedrich Tiesmeyer was in command of the light cruiser (October 1909 – January 1910) of the Imperial Navy, at that time holding the rank of (commander).〔Hildebrand, Röhr and Steinmetz 1990, volume 6 p. 37.〕 At a family reunion in Hamelin, Lindemann talked with his uncle and heard of his seafaring adventures in the Far East. These conversations gave Lindemann the idea of a naval career.〔Grützner 2010, pp. 21–22, 229.〕 Lindemann graduated from the Bismarck-Gymnasium (secondary school) in Berlin-Wilmersdorf with his ''Abitur'' (diploma) late in 1912 with an average-to-good overall rating. For the next six months, he attended the Royal Polytechnic Institution in Richmond, London.〔Grützner 2010, p. 23.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ernst Lindemann」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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